12THEY HAVE SURROUNDED ME WITH LYING EPHRAIM AND WITH DECEIT [THE] HOUSE OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH STILL IT HAS ROAMED WITH GOD AND WITH [THE] HOLY [ONE<S>] FAITHFUL 12Ephraim surrounds Me with lies, the house of Israel with deceit; but Judah still walks with God and is faithful to the Holy One.*NoteCloseOr and Judah is unruly against God, the faithful Holy One
1EPHRAIM [IS] FEEDING WIND AND [IS] PURSUING AN EAST WIND ALL THE DAY FALSEHOOD AND VIOLENCE HE INCREASES AND A COVENANT WITH ASSYRIA THEY ARE MAKING AND OIL TO EGYPT IT IS CARRIED A Reproof of Ephraim, Judah, and Jacob 1Ephraim*NoteCloseThat is, the northern kingdom of Israel; also in verses 8 and 14 feeds on the wind and pursues the east wind all day long; he multiplies lies and violence; he makes a covenant with Assyria and sends olive oil to Egypt.
2AND A CASE AT LAW [BELONGS] TO YAHWEH WITH JUDAH AND TO VISIT [JUDGMENT] ON JACOB ACCORDING TO WAYS HIS ACCORDING TO DEEDS HIS HE WILL REPAY TO HIM 2The LORD has a charge to bring against Judah. He will punish Jacob*NoteCloseJacob means he grasps the heel or he deceives. according to his ways and repay him according to his deeds.
3IN THE WOMB HE TOOK BY [THE] HEEL <OBJ.> BROTHER HIS AND IN MANLY VIGOR HIS HE STRUGGLED WITH GOD 3In the womb he grasped his brother’s heel, and in his vigor he wrestled with God.
4AND HE STRUGGLED AGAINST AN ANGEL AND HE PREVAILED HE WEPT AND HE SOUGHT FAVOR TO HIM BETH- -EL HE FOUND HIM AND THERE HE SPOKE WITH US 4Yes, he struggled with the angel*NoteCloseOr Angel and prevailed; he wept and sought His favor he found Him at Bethel and spoke with Him there*NoteCloseLXX and Syriac; MT and there He spoke with us —
5AND YAHWEH [THE] GOD OF <THE> HOSTS YAHWEH [IS] MEMORIAL HIS 5the LORD God of Hosts, the LORD is His name of renown.
6AND YOU IN GOD YOUR YOU WILL RETURN LOYALTY AND JUSTICE KEEP AND WAIT TO GOD YOUR CONTINUALLY 6But you must return to your God; maintain love and justice, and always wait on your God.
7CANAAN [WHO ARE] IN HAND HIS SCALES OF DECEIT TO DEFRAUD HE LOVES 7A merchant loves to defraud with dishonest scales in his hands.
8AND HE HAS SAID EPHRAIM SURELY I HAVE BECOME RICH I HAVE FOUND WEALTH FOR MYSELF ALL TOIL<S> MY NOT PEOPLE WILL FIND TO ME INIQUITY WHICH [IS] SIN 8And Ephraim boasts:. How rich I have become! I have found wealth for myself. In all my labors, they can find in me no iniquity that is sinful.”
9AND I [HAVE BEEN] YAHWEH GOD YOUR FROM [THE] LAND OF EGYPT AGAIN I WILL CAUSE TO DWELL YOU IN TENTS LIKE [THE] DAYS OF AN APPOINTED FEAST 9But I am the LORD your God ever since the land of Egypt. I will again make you dwell in tents, as in the days of the appointed feast.
10AND I SPOKE TO THE PROPHETS AND I VISION[S] I MULTIPLIED AND BY [THE] HAND OF THE PROPHETS I GAVE PARABLES 10I spoke through the prophets and multiplied their visions; I gave parables through the prophets.
11<IF>? [IS] GILEAD WICKEDNESS SURELY WORTHLESSNESS THEY ARE IN <THE> GILGAL BULLS THEY HAVE SACRIFICED ALSO ALTARS THEIR [ARE] LIKE HEAPS OF STONES ON [THE] FURROWS OF A FIELD 11Is there iniquity in Gilead? They will surely come to nothing. Do they sacrifice bulls in Gilgal? Indeed, their altars will be heaps of stones in the furrows of the field.
12AND HE FLED JACOB [THE] REGION OF ARAM AND HE SERVED ISRAEL FOR A WIFE AND FOR A WIFE HE KEPT [FLOCKS] 12Jacob fled to the land of Aram*NoteCloseThat is, northwest Mesopotamia and Israel worked for a wife— for a wife he tended sheep.
13AND BY A PROPHET HE BROUGHT UP YAHWEH <OBJ.> ISRAEL FROM EGYPT AND BY A PROPHET HE WAS KEPT 13But by a prophet the LORD brought Israel out of Egypt, and by a prophet he was preserved.
14HE HAS PROVOKED TO ANGER EPHRAIM BITTERNESS<ES> AND BLOOD<S> HIS ON HIM HE WILL LEAVE AND REPROACH HIS HE WILL REPAY TO HIM LORD<S> HIS 14Ephraim has provoked bitter anger, so his Lord will leave his bloodguilt upon him and repay him for his contempt.